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Falk LEICHSENRING, Frank LEWEKE, Susanne KLEIN & Christiane STEINERT
Clinic of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany

Abstract
Background: The Task Force on Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures proposed rigorous criteria to define empirically supported psychotherapies. According to these criteria, 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showing efficacy are required for a treatment to be designated as ‘efficacious’ and 1 RCT for a designation as ‘possibly efficacious’. Applying these criteria modified by Chambless and Hollon, this article presents an update on the evidence for psychodynamic therapy (PDT) in specific mental disorders.
Methods: A systematic search was performed using the criteria by Chambless and Hollon for study selection, as follows: (1) RCT of PDT in adults, (2) use of reliable and valid measures for diagnosis and outcome, (3) use of treatment manuals or manual-like guidelines, (4) adult population treated for specific problems and (5) PDT superior to no treatment, placebo or alternative treatment or equivalent to an established treatment.

Nicoleta SASU
Psychologist and psychotherapist, Bistrita, Romania

Abstract
Domain literature suggests that the cyclical nature of psychological trauma may lead, on a long term, to long term effects on the individuals and those around them. This paper sets out to examine the opportunity of using positive psychotherapy in approaching the effects of potentially traumatic events. Although trauma therapy is a less explored approach of positive psychotherapy, a review suggests that positive psychotherapy could bring a significant contribution when working with people exposed to potentially psychotraumatizing events, even in the phase of crisis intervention

Keywords:
psychological trauma, posttraumatic stress, positive psychotherapy, the balance model in psychotrauma therapy, conflicts, soldiers.

Mirela D. MOTRONEA

Viaţa omului este presărată de situaţii în care dorinţele și tendinţele individului trebuie să aștepte, să ocolească sau să renunţe. De cele mai multe ori motivele sale nu sunt conștiente, motiv pentru care consecinţele apar sub forma sentimentelor de ură, anxietate, angoasă, agresivitate sau simptome care la prima vedere nu au o motivaţie. Teama excesivă de o evaluare negativă contribuie la amplificarea anxietăţii într-o serie de situaţii sociale. Din păcate, evitarea si eludarea nu fac decât să consolideze temerile subiacente și contribuie la generalizarea fricii asupra unui număr din ce în ce mai mare de situaţii. Fobia este cea mai frecventă formă a tulburării de anxietate, devenind astfel, a treia tulburare psihiatrică, ca frecvenţă în S.U.A. Privind în asamblu efectele generate de această boală și reacţia omului în context social, ne-a determinat să ne orientăm spre această temă.